What Is the Difference Between Standard Hex Nut Thread & Pipe Thread?
June 22,2022
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Screw threads are "V"-shaped inclined planes cut into material to join pieces of material together. A hex head bolt and hex nut could hold two pieces of metal together, while a threaded pipe could join a pipe and elbow together.
Difference Between Standard Hex Nut Thread & Pipe Thread
✔️Threads
The distance between the threads is the pitch, and designated by the number of threads per inch. Pitch and depth of the thread cut by the diameter of the hex bolt or pipe is standard. Pipe and hex nut threads both have a specific number of threads per inch. The outside diameter (OD) of the pipe or hex bolt determines the threads per inch. The mating internal diameter (ID) of the hex nut or pipe fixture matches the OD of the pipe or hex bolt. Since pipe diameters don't have diameters that match hex nuts and bolts, a hex nut won't screw onto a pipe.
✔️Hex Nut
The term hex identifies the shape of the head of a bolt or shape of a nut as being eight-sided. Bolt heads and nuts can also be square.
✔️Hex Bolt and Hex Nut Threads
Bolts and nuts use standard thread designations based on the diameter of the bolt OD. They are either unified national course (UNC) or unified national fine (UNF). UNC has fewer threads than UNF. UNC is the most common.
✔️Pipe Threads
Pipe threads are cut tapered to be leak proof. The taper is 1/16 of an inch or 3/4 of an inch a foot. The threads become shallower along the taper. Some pipe threads are straight depending on the application.
Common Hex Nuts
✔️Finished Hex Nuts
A finished hex nut is the most basic of nuts - the six-sided nut that almost everyone first pictures in their mind when they hear the word “nut” in an industrial context. Hex is short for hexagon, referencing the six sides of the nut. These nuts feature internal threading and are commonly used with machine thread bolts and screws, in applications where no “locking” mechanism is required.
✔️Hex Jam Nuts
Hex jam nuts are low profile - usually only about half as thick as a standard hex nut. Commonly used as a type of lock nut, the jam nut is "jammed" against a standard nut to lock the two in place. Jam nuts are also sometimes used in applications where a traditional, larger profile hex nut would not fit.
✔️Machine Screw Nuts
Designed specifically to be used with machine screws, these hex nuts are much smaller sizes than full-size hex nuts and feature flat tops and chamfered corners. Threads can be coarse (UNC) or fine (UNF), and zinc plating is the most common type of finish applied to machine screw nuts.
✔️Nylon Insert Lock Nuts
Nylon insert lock nuts are very similar to basic finished hex nuts, but feature a nylon insert lock to help secure the nut into place. When a nylon insert lock nut is installed onto a bolt or screw, the nylon insert wraps around the threads, protecting the connection from loosening due to vibration.
Conclusion
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